US Privilege or Global Benefit? The Future of the Dollar as the AI4D Financial Infrastructure
The USD is neither merely an instrument of American domination nor simply a neutral global utility. It is a mutually beneficial but politically asymmetric infrastructure. Its network effects generate substantial benefits for participants around the world, while its institutional structure gives the United States unusual capacity to restrict participation when geopolitical relationships break down.
The USD System at the Center of China’s Global Engine
The strategic question today is what China would lose if global dollar liquidity became substantially less available. China could continue trading through the renminbi, CIPS, bilateral currency arrangements, and other alternatives, but replacing the dollar requires replacing an enormous coordination infrastructure, not merely introducing another currency.
USAID, ICT4D, and the Geopolitics of Treasury-Backed Liquidity for Tier 4 and 5 Countries.
While publicly framed as a consumer-protection milestone, the macro-political economy of the GENIUS Act functions as a powerful mechanism for sovereign debt management. By legally legitimizing dollar-pegged stablecoins as safe cash equivalents, the US government has effectively engineered a global, decentralized distribution engine for its own national deficit.
USD Liquidity: A Tiered Hierarchy Model and Implications for AI4Good and ICT4D
Citation APA (7th Edition) Pennings, A.J. (2026, Apr 12) USD Liquidity: A Tiered Hierarchy Model and Implications for AI4Good and ICT4D. apennings.com https://apennings.com/characteristics-of-digital-media/usd-liquidity-a-tiered-liquidity-hierarchy-model-and-implications-for-ai4good-and-ict4d/ Introduction The “USD” is not simply a national currency. It is a global liquidity system composed of both domestically issued US dollars and offshore Eurodollar credit created by international banks. Together, these […]
LSEG Workspace as the Central Spreadsheet Grid for Eurodollars
LSEG Workspace is a giant live spreadsheet that organizes the eurodollar system into cells and formulas. Treasuries and Fed rates are the anchor cells. Repo, FX swaps, and offshore deposits are formula-driven references.
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About Me
Professor (full) at State University of New York (SUNY) Korea since 2016. Research Professor for Stony Brook University. Moved to Austin, Texas in August 2012 to join the Digital Media Management program at St. Edwards University. Spent the previous decade on the faculty at New York University teaching and researching information systems, digital economics, and global political economy
You can reach me at:
anthony.pennings@gmail.com
apennings70@gmail.com
anthony.pennings@sunykorea.ac.kr
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