USD Liquidity and ICT4D/AI4D in Tier 5 Countries
ICT4D therefore needs to build the material and institutional foundations of participation in the global digital economy. These include affordable broadband, reliable electricity, mobile financial services, digital identity where appropriate, cybersecurity, digital literacy, and sustainable models for maintaining public digital services.
BRICS in the USD-Tiered Global Economy
BRICS remains deeply integrated into the USD/Eurodollar system as both users and (in China’s case) major suppliers/recyclers of dollars. De-dollarization efforts have produced meaningful bilateral progress, especially with Russia, but have not displaced the dollar’s systemic role.
Reimagining the ICT-SDG Framework for the AI Era
Revisiting the foundational themes of the ICTs & SDGs 2016 report reveals how Artificial Intelligence for Development (AI4D) is reshaping the core pillars of sustainable development from its roots in computerization for development, and ICT4D.
The Computerization of Society Revisited: French Social Theory and the Geopolitics of Information and Data Centers in the Age of AI
Nora and Minc concluded that the only way to prevent France from being subjugated by American computing conglomerates was for the state to build and regulate the national telecommunications infrastructure, ensuring that the informational grid remained a public utility rather than a corporate monopoly.
Why SACT Logic is the Operational Core of Tokenization
Citation APA (7th Edition) Pennings, A.J. (2026, Jul 31) Why SACT Logic is the Operational Core of Tokenization. apennings.com https://apennings.com/how-it-came-to-rule-the-world/digital-monetarism/why-sact-logic-is-the-operational-core-of-tokenization/ Introduction Last summer, I was reviewing a paper on digital spreadsheets and time-space power that had been rejected by a journal and decided a term I used, “substitution,” needed elaboration. It led to my conceptualization, […]
The $100 Trillion Debt Era: MMT as Permission, SACT as Engine
Spreadsheet logic and the SACT stack provide the operational engine. By substituting physical matter into digital signifiers, abstracting heterogenous noise into clean taxonomies, computing complex supply-chain logic, and synchronizing market states across global networks, SACT converts the chaotic, messy physical universe into a organized matrix of purchasable products. Without the SACT translation layer, MMT’s sovereign dollars float as useless signifiers; with it, sovereign money becomes an operative tool capable of re-engineering the physical world.
Some Mechanics of Blockchained Treasury-Backed Stablecoin Dollars
The combination of public-chain transparency, L2 performance, and the emerging GENIUS regulatory perimeter is steadily turning regulated USD stablecoins into a viable global payment and settlement layer.
Designing a Global AI Engine for Monetary Coordination
AI should not be viewed simply as another analytical tool. Its larger role is to become coordination intelligence. Traditional spreadsheets computed formulas written by human analysts. AI continuously evaluates millions of relationships simultaneously, identifying emerging imbalances, forecasting liquidity needs, and recommending adjustments as conditions change.
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About Me
Professor (full) at State University of New York (SUNY) Korea since 2016. Research Professor for Stony Brook University. Moved to Austin, Texas in August 2012 to join the Digital Media Management program at St. Edwards University. Spent the previous decade on the faculty at New York University teaching and researching information systems, digital economics, and global political economy
You can reach me at:
anthony.pennings@gmail.com
apennings70@gmail.com
anthony.pennings@sunykorea.ac.kr
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